70 Best California Mom Blogs and Websites
California Mom Blogs
Here are 70 Best California Mom Blogs you should follow in 2023
1. Happiness is Homemade
California, US
I'm Heidi, the founder of Happiness is Homemade. I'm a Northern California mom to three boys and wife to my college sweetheart. I love donuts,... rainbows, and sharing quick and easy ideas to help make your busy life easier! Browse hundreds of crafts for kids and adults, printables, DIY bath body products, party games, quick gift ideas, and more at Happiness is Homemade!more
happinessishomemad..
36.7K 3 2 posts / month DA 65 Get Email Contact
2. Design Mom
New York City, New York, US
Covering the intersection of design and motherhood. A blog by Gabrielle Blair, a designer and mother of six. Design Mom helps women across the globe s...tay well-informed, manage their home life and their work life gracefully, to learn new things daily. It is a place for captivating, eye-opening, mind-expanding discussions.more
designmom.com
57.7K 133.6K 86.9K 1 post / week Jun 2006 DA 68 Get Email Contact
3. Rookie Moms
California, US
Rookie Moms is a fantastic resource for women from pregnancy to preschool & beyond. Offering tons of amazing activities for moms and babies alike, inc...luding tips from real moms who have been there/ done that, ultimate guides to breastfeeding, sleeping, gear & more!more
rookiemoms.com
22.3K 89.5K 26.8K 1 post / week DA 54 Get Email Contact
4. La Jolla Mom Blog
La Jolla, California, US
I'm Katie. I write La Jolla Mom. La Jolla Mom shares the best tips for San Diego vacation planning, luxury hotel perks, travel worldwide, theme pa...rk ticket discounts, & much more. I recap our trips and favorite places around the globe. I also talk about our favorite airlines, airport lounges, and gear. My information will help you plan and spend less on traveling.more
lajollamom.com/blog
23.8K 97.3K 68.6K 2 posts / month DA 57 Get Email Contact
5. Beauty Brite
California, US
Beauty Brite is a family and lifestyle blog offering stories and experiences from a variety of women and moms!
beautybrite.com
9.1K 22K 19.2K 4 posts / month DA 39 Get Email Contact
6. MoodyDose
California, US
A mother and lover of all things practical. My blog covers motherhood by exploring all areas of life. Our tips and tricks help the large community to ...do more in less time so they can spend time enjoying happy, healthy families.more
moodydose.com
3.1K 3.2K 2.8K 1 post / week DA 18 Get Email Contact
7. Don't Mess with Mama
San Diego, California, US
I'm Tracey Black, founder, and CEO of Don't Mess with Mama. I have a background in health care, publishing, research, nutrition, and wellness.... DontMesswithMama.com is an online resource for moms and families who want to take a step towards natural wellness. You'll find gluten-free recipes, authentic food recipes, natural remedies, DIY tutorials, and tips to help you live a more natural lifestyle.more
dontmesswithmama.com
36.4K 4.9K 3 posts / month DA 52 Get Email Contact
8. The Sunny Side Up Blog
San Diego, California, US
Hi! I'm Erin. Welcome to Sunny Side Up where I share my obsession with organization and my love for home decor and fashion!
thesunnysideupblog..
12.2K 5 posts / month Mar 2008 DA 49 Get Email Contact
9. Aileen Cooks
Fairfield, California, US
Aileen Clark is a lifestyle blogger, bestselling cookbook author, and mom of four living in Northern California. She loves sharing easy and delicious ...recipes, fun projects, and family-friendly travel.more
aileencooks.com
6K 8.2K 1 post / week DA 40 Get Email Contact
10. MomsLA
Los Angeles, California, US
We love Los Angeles and think it's a great place to raise our children. Our job is to help you find all the best things to do in Los Angeles - wit...h kids and sometimes without them!We know you're busy raising a family and living the SoCal life. So relax and let us deliver you the info you want - so you can have fun!more
momsla.com
13.8K 7.9K 3.9K 3 posts / month DA 45 Get Email Contact
11. Someday I'll Learn
San Diego, California, US
I'm Chelsea married to my husband, Nate. Nate offers up hands-on fatherhood and a forthright approach to life's challenges. Chelsea adds color... with creative how-tos and commentary about rugged living in a modern era. The blog culminates in a he-said-she-said humorous journal that documents our daily exploits.more
somedayilllearn.com
12.2K 87.7K 231.1K 6 posts / quarter DA 50 Get Email Contact
12. Mama Knows It All
Oakland, California, US
Hello there! I'm Brandi, a Northern California African-American mom blogger, the mother of a fabulous tween daughter, a soon-to-be kindergartener... son, and wife to an outrageously loving husband. Read ideas on parenting, marriage, kid-friendly recipes and crafts, easy homemaking tips, and daily inspiration!more
mamaknowsitall.com
20K 16.3K 1 post / week DA 49 Get Email Contact
13. Mama Smiles
California, US
Hi! I'm MaryAnne. I blog here about education, crafts, family travel, and parenting tips.
mamasmiles.com
17.7K 18.1K 3 posts / week DA 55 Get Email Contact
14. The Naptime Reviewer
California, US
The NapTime Reviewer is a parenting resource site with an emphasis on family travel, practical fashion, product reviews, and modern day parenting advi...ce.more
thenaptimereviewer..
5.8K 6.6K 1 post / month DA 36 Get Email Contact
15. Posh in Progress
Los Angeles, California, US
Posh in Progress is a Top LA Blog and Guide to Chic and Sensible Fashion, Food, Travel & Family Fun.
poshinprogress.com
6.3K 17.7K 207.3K 1 post / week DA 36 Get Email Contact
16. Highlights Along the Way
San Diego, California, US
I am Kate. I am a wife, a mommy, and a blogger. I love adoption, Disney, exploring SoCal, and encouraging my kids to eat healthy. Posts on Travel, Tre...ats, Tips, & Traditions.more
highlightsalongthe..
5K 8.8K 8.6K 1 post / day DA 45 Get Email Contact
17. The Stay-at-Home-Mom Survival Guide
North Carolina, US
Hi, I'm Jaimi Erickson. I am glad you stopped by. I love offering you tools that have helped me get my life and family in balance. A complete guid...e for Stay-at-Home Moms, covering kids' activities, homemaking tips, simple recipes, natural Living, and encouragement for moms to embrace the season of parenting. Authored by Jaimi Erickson.more
thestay-at-home-mo..
14.7K 3.4K 3 posts / month DA 39 Get Email Contact
18. Mommy Diary
Los Angeles, California, US
Mommy Diary is a lifestyle blog with the best motherhood tips and luxury travel ideas. You can find baby, pregnancy, postpartum, special needs, family... and home articles.more
mommy-diary.com
23.3K 5.4K 227K 3 posts / month DA 31 Get Email Contact
19. Tinseltown Mom
Los Angeles, California, US
Hello! My name is Tirralan, founder and editor of Tinseltown Mom. I'm also a devoted wife to a talented and loving filmmaker and mom to two adorab...le sons. Tinseltown Mom focuses on famous mothers in their daily lives: the good, the bad, the happy, and sometimes sad. The goal is to inspire regular Moms who revere well-known Moms, so they can see that we are all alike in many respects.more
tinseltownmom.com
2.9K 7.9K 2 posts / month DA 33 Get Email Contact
20. Amy Tangerine
Los Angeles, California, US
Bringing some zest to your day with positivity, scrapbooking inspiration, hand lettering, giving back, and encouragement to live your best life.
amytangerine.com/blog
24.1K 10.7K 185.2K 1 post / month DA 40 Get Email Contact
21. Jolly Tomato
Los Angeles, California, US
Hi! I'm Jeanne Fratello - a writer, reporter, and mom who is on a mission to find great food for kids and to keep parents up to date on the latest... nutrition news.more
jollytomato.com
1.3K 4.5K 9.1K 1 post / month May 2010 DA 32 Get Email Contact
22. Lipgloss and Crayons
San Diego, California, US
Carly is a mom, former teacher, educational advocate, behavior specialist, Disney obsessed, and lives in San Diego. Here you will find all her lifesty...le posts.more
lipglossandcrayons..
14.8K 921 94.9K 2 posts / week DA 49 Get Email Contact
23. Hewes Family Fun
San Diego, California, US
Hey all, I'm Abby Keen Hewes, a blogger. The reason I started this blog as I got tired of the coupon blogging rat race and decided to initiate a b...log to help people with a frugal lifestyle. Hewes Family Fun is the place where you will find posts about fun, family adventures, shopping, research, and more.more
hewesfamilyfun.wor..
3.4K 1.7K 1.2K 5 posts / week DA 29 Get Email Contact
24. The Fab Mom
Los Angeles, California, US
Hi all. Jill Simonian here. I'm a TV Host & Entertainment Journalist turned Parenting Lifestyle Contributor on-air and online. TheFABMom is about ...resilient parenting, fierce self-care, and major fun through mom life and beyond.more
thefabmom.com
6.8K 11.3K Dec 2017 DA 27 Get Email Contact
25. Natalie Borton Blog
San Diego, California, US
Hi, I'm Natalie and I'm an entrepreneur. My goal with this blog is to make your life easier, specifically when it comes to personal style. I b...elieve that what we look like is the least interesting thing about us. I'm constantly pursuing more authenticity and intentionality in my life and choices, and I love to share about that, as well as promote body neutrality and self-acceptance overall.more
blog.natalieborton..
2.7K 1.3K 3 posts / week DA 25 Get Email Contact
26. The Fashionista Momma
San Diego, California, US
The Fashionista Momma is a blog about mom style, beauty and health for the busy mom.
fashionistamomma.com
1 2.5K 11.1K 1 post / day Jan 2014 DA 27 Get Email Contact
27. Natural Parent Guide
California, US
Hello, I'm L. E. Mastilock. I am a lover of food, family, and nature. I encourage parents to live a green, healthy lifestyle and have fun learning tog...ether. I am a published author and multi media artist, homeschooling my kids in the beautiful CA mountains.more
naturalparentguide..
1.1K 3.2K 7 posts / quarter DA 37 Get Email Contact
28. The Overwhelmed Mommy
Los Angeles, California, US
My name is Jenn and I am the Southern California mommy blogger behind The Overwhelmed Mommy. So here I am, just sharing my motherhood journey and taki...ng this ride along with all of you.more
theoverwhelmedmomm..
2.6K 183 85.6K 2 posts / week DA 27 Get Email Contact
29. Mama of 3 Muchkins
California , US
I am Tiffney, managing this parent focused site that offers comprehensive product reviews, family-friendly recipes, DIY crafts, helpful tips for busy ...parents, and other fun stuff.more
mamaof3munchkins.com
11 4 posts / month DA 38 Get Email Contact
30. The Cool Mom Co.
California, US
Bringing the cool back to motherhood, parenting, recipes for kids, trips and travels and more. Elizabeth is the author behind the blog.
thecoolmom.co
317 2 1 post / day DA 16 Get Email Contact
31. The Parentologist
California, US
Hello! I am Dr. Kim and I am The Parentologist! I am first and foremost a wife and a mom. I am also a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Regis...tered Play Therapist. I hope through my professional and personal experience we can collaborate with each other on how to better ourselves and our relationships with our families and our children.more
theparentologist.com
1.7K 867 2 posts / month DA 21 Get Email Contact
32. The Mama Queen
San Diego, California, US
San Diego Mommy Blogger who is happily married with 3 kids under 3! Being a mom is my priority but I love everything about beauty and fashion.
themamaqueen.com
425 50 1 post / quarter Feb 2016 DA 9 Get Email Contact
33. The Mother Overload
California, US
I'm Gladys. The Mother Overload is a family lifestyle blog that speaks to all things motherhood, quick healthy recipes (including our trending egg...-free sugar cookie recipe) and glimpses into our bilingual parenting journey.more
themotheroverload.com
604 921 1 post / week DA 23 Get Email Contact
34. Wit and spit up
California, US
Covers witty articles about motherhood, inspired by the most adorable tiny humans on the planet, by Jessica, a wife, mother to three beautiful daughte...rs, and proud minivan owner.more
witandspitup.com
449 1.4K 1.1K 1 post / week DA 12 Get Email Contact
35. Chrissy Powers Blog
San Diego, California, US
Hi, I'm Chrissy, a therapist, coach, and eternal optimist. I empower others to step into their passion. Here I write about relationships, motherho...od, home, style, and life. My motive is to encourage others to live their fullest life through unfreezing patterns of trauma, fear, and shame.more
chrissypowers.com/..
1.9K 332 106K 1 post / month DA 30 Get Email Contact
36. Ali-ish
California, US
Hi! My name is Alia, but most people call me Ali. This is my space to document life as a girl mom, wife, fashion obsessor, sometimes traveler, and a l...ittle bit of everything in between! Stick around a while!more
ali-ish.com
5.5K 573 1 post / month DA 15 Get Email Contact
37. Dainty Mom
Lauren is a mommy, lover of sweets, and a voracious writer. Find posts on fashion, food/drink, lifestyle, travel, parenthood, and more.
daintymom.com/blog
172 1 post / week DA 24 Get Email Contact
38. loveerickacastanos
California, US
A mom of two sharing a snippet of our life. Spreading as much kindness and love while creating some lifestyle content.
loveerickacastanos..
2.9K 1.1K 51.1K 1 post / year DA 14 Get Email Contact
39. FamDiego Blog
San Diego, California, US
Family tips for exploring all of San Diego with your kids! FamDiego shares the best kid-friendly museums & restaurants, to indoor & outdoor play areas... and of course the best beaches and everything else in between!more
famdiego.com/blog
161 1 post / month DA 6 Get Email Contact
40. Motherhood in Hollywood
Los Angeles, California, US
Podcast and website featuring fun Entertainment and Parenting topics and the Inside Scoop on the latest films, TV shows and products for your family.
motherhoodinhollyw..
12.3K 37.6K 363.8K 3 posts / month DA 31 Get Email Contact
41. Amy Davidson
Los Angeles, California, US
Hi! I'm Amy Davidson. With this site, I plan on sharing everything from the newest nail polish color (ladies you know how extremely important this... is to my favorite type of baby bottle, to stories of triumphs and failures and beyond. I will be blogging, sharing pictures and experiences, and creating a platform for all of you to interact as well.more
amydavidson.com
3 32.1K 6 posts / year Oct 2012 DA 33 Get Email Contact
42. enJOY it by Elise Blaha Cripe
San Diego, California, US
enJOY it is a craft and lifestyle blog from Elise Blaha Cripe. On this blog page, you can read her small business stories or start with some of her fa...vorite things to write about, DIY home decor & goal-setting. You can also listen to her motivational speech about the power of making bold statements.more
eliseblaha.typepad..
5.5K 90.9K 8 posts / year DA 50 Get Email Contact
43. Good, Bad, and Fab
Los Angeles, California, US
Los Angeles fashion lawyer and working mom blogger shares top parenting tips, best beauty hacks, stylish outfits, and candid motherhood stories.
goodbadandfab.com
3.6K 6.2K 33.2K 1 post / year DA 36 Get Email Contact
44. Hollywood Mom Blog
Hollywood, California, US
HOLLYWOOD MOM BLOG (HMB) was created more than a decade ago to help parents of professional and aspiring child actors navigate parenting their rising ...stars amidst the unique landscape of the entertainment industry. HMB's mission is to be a positive community, forum, news outlet, and trusted information resource for all matters related to the lives of child actors.more
hollywoodmomblog.com
7.3K 16.2K 3.7K DA 46 Get Email Contact
45. Over The Top Mommy
Orange County, California, US
I'm Wendy and I'm a lifestyle blogger based in Southern California. I currently reside in Orange County with my husband and 10 year old daughter. I gr...ew up in Southern California and continue to love all that this area offers. It is the hub for family entertainment and you can often find me out and about doing something to keep busy.more
overthetopmommy.com
2K 6.2K 10.7K Jun 2013 DA 31 Get Email Contact
46. Brilliant Business Moms
San Diego, California, US
Covers practical business advice for moms just getting started in business or looking to grow their business. The main focus of Brilliant Business Mom...s is on helping moms to be successful in their businesses.more
brilliantbusinessm..
44K 3.4K Jun 2014 DA 40 Get Email Contact
47. Mama Harris' Kitchen
California, US
Mama Harris' Kitchen is a website that focuses primarily on family recipes, budget friendly meals and tips for shopping, entertaining and decor.
mamaharriskitchen.com
6.2K 3.1K DA 37 Get Email Contact
48. City Girl Gone Mom
San Diego, California, US
The author of CityGirlGoneMom Danielle Schaffer has a passion for broadcasting and a knack for home design. Danielle guides moms through discovering n...ew and tried-and-true family experiences. CityGirlGoneMom seeks to entertain, educate and inspire those who could use a good laugh, a few parenting tips, and some positive momentum.more
citygirlgonemom.com
72.4K 4.2K 405.1K 30 posts / year Oct 2014 DA 34 Get Email Contact
49. Mama Hippie
California, US
Hello, I'm Stephanie. I live in the United States with my husband, and 3 kids under 4. We're a cosleeping, babywearing, cloth diapering family.... MamaHippie.com focuses on my love of pregnancy, birth, parenting and natural living; it's a labor of love.more
mamahippie.com
1.3K 3.2K 1.4K 3 posts / year DA 16 Get Email Contact
50. Beyond the Brochure
Los Angeles, California, US
Christina is the mother of a son and a daughter who attended elementary school at The Willows Community School in Culver City. Beyond the Brochure is ...a blog for parents who are applying to private elementary schools in Los Angeles.more
beyondthebrochurel..
1.4K 987 Mar 2010 DA 33 Get Email Contact
51. San Diego Songbird
San Diego, California
I am Julia. This is my life style blog where I talk about my creative projects, design, women who inspire me, new product launches for my businesses..., my home and family, and my love for San Diego and Southern California living.more
sandiegosongbird.com
2.3K 937 DA 21 Get Email Contact
52. Taylor-made Mama Blog
California, US
A motherhood and lifestyle blog to Inspire, Encourage and Help other moms especially new moms. first-time mom, working mom, stay at home mom.
taylor-mademama.co..
1.4K 2.2K Jun 2016 DA 19 Get Email Contact
53. Kristin Cruz
Los Angeles, California, US
I am Kristin. My expertise is connecting people, sharing my story, enjoying family life, & discovering the next 'hot trend'. That's what makes me ...happy (also overusing #hashtags & coffee). You can check me out online anytime & at events. Follow my blog to know what's cooking in my day to day life.more
kristincruz.me/cat..
5.8K DA 18 Get Email Contact
54. Needled Mom
California, US
I am Mary and I am a blogger, mother, freelance musician, teacher, lover of travel.
needledmom.blogspo..
1 post / month Jan 2008 DA 26 Get Email Contact
55. Mother's Lifestyle
California, US
Mothers Lifestyle was created for mothers, moms, mums, to provide helpful parenting tips, advice, and assistance from fellow mothers and our professio...nal staff. Featuring amazing life-saving tools and advice from the world's leading experts, on health, wellness, parenting, and other lifestyle related topics to make any mother's life easier on any budget.more
motherslifestyle.com
34.3K 2.4K 461 1 post / year DA 8 Get Email Contact
56. Sweet & Simple Life
San Diego, California, US
Award winning blogger. Living simply, raising bilingual babies, and helping people make money blogging.
sweetandsimplelife..
246 5 posts / year Jan 2016 DA 27 Get Email Contact
57. LittleGrayThread
California, US
Blog articles focus on parenting, motherhood, travel, and more. Jenielle is the author behind the blog and a mom herself.
littlegraythread.w..
1.8K 209 33.3K 2 posts / year DA 21 Get Email Contact
58. The Mom Forum
Los Angeles, California, US
The Mom Forum supports women in their journey through motherhood. Come join this diverse community of moms sharing the truth about motherhood.
themom-forum.com
3K 104 4 posts / year DA 24 Get Email Contact
59. Barrett and the Boys
Los Angeles, California, US
Barrett and the Boys is a lifestyle blog highlighting all the things that inspire Barrett and her family. Through sharing recipes, inspiration, tips, ...and perspectives, they hope to make you and your family's days a bit better and brighter.more
barrettandtheboys.com
82.9K 1 post / month DA 15 Get Email Contact
60. Have a kid they said
Huntington Beach, California, US
Welcome! I am Bonnie Stone, wife to Jacob, mother to Charlie-3, Crew - 10 months, and Step-mom to Oliver- 9. I am all about practical and relatable mo...therhood all while sharing my love for home decor, D.I.Y projects and party planning.more
haveakidtheysaid.com
51 105K DA 11 Get Email Contact
61. Jet Plane Mommy
Los Angeles, California, US
Magaly is Wife, Mother, Flight Attendant, California Girl and a Blogger.Her blog focuses on parenting, motherhood, lifestyle and more.
jetplanemommy.com
519 48 56.9K 1 post / year DA 8 Get Email Contact
62. Krystalyn Laura
California, US
Hello! I'm a STEM preschool teacher and SAHM to Augustus. I love to curate and share lifestyle content on my motherhood journey, beach visits, and tra...vels.more
krystalynlaura.com
516 5 posts / quarter DA 11 Get Email Contact
63. Elisamar
Orange County, California, US
My name is Elisamar , fashion blogger from Puerto Rico, living in Orange County California.I decided to open this blog in order to share my flair for ...being able to make (creating) great looks for every occasion, to share tips on how to dress for less, and to basically be great at accessorizing with statement pieces. I love being a mom and a healthy upbringing, this is also a vital part of my blog.more
elisamar.com
6.5K 86.7K 5 posts / year DA 1 Get Email Contact
64. Let's Talk Forties and Beyond
California, US
Hello! I am Andrea, a California-based blogger, home-based business owner, amateur photographer and writer, gardener, foodie, travel, and fashion love...r. I would love to share with you all I have learned in my forty something years. To encourage you to make your lives better and to help you make your bad days more bearable.more
letstalkfortiesand..
2.5K 2 posts / year DA 1 Get Email Contact
California Mom Bloggers
Blogger Name | Blog Link | Total Blog Posts | |
---|---|---|---|
Abby H. | hewesfamilyfun.wordpress.com | 187 | |
Natalie | blog.natalieborton.com | 39 | |
Nora Halpern | thecoolmom.co | 29 | |
Danielle Lucia Schaffer | citygirlgonemom.com | 28 | |
Stacey Freeman | poshinprogress.com | 24 | |
Erin | thesunnysideupblog.com | 23 | |
Jenn Hallak | theoverwhelmedmommy.com | 22 | |
kate | highlightsalongtheway.com | 20 | |
Angela | Mommy Diary | mommy-diary.com | 19 | |
Jaimi Erickson | thestay-at-home-momsurvivalguide.com | 17 | |
MaryAnne Kochenderfer | mamasmiles.com | 16 | |
emmamyers | rookiemoms.com | 16 | |
Lindsey Johnson | designmom.com | 16 | |
Tracey Black | dontmesswithmama.com | 14 | |
barrett prendergast | barrettandtheboys.com | 13 | |
Jeanne | jollytomato.com | 12 | |
Carly | lipglossandcrayons.com | 11 | |
brandijeter | mamaknowsitall.com | 10 | |
Wendy Kennar | momsla.com | 10 | |
watkinsT | tinseltownmom.com | 9 | |
Josh Bingham | designmom.com | 8 | |
Sarah Auerswald | momsla.com | 8 | |
Heidi | happinessishomemade.net | 8 | |
krystalynlaura | krystalynlaura.com | 7 | |
Emma Gomez | moodydose.com | 7 | |
Misty | beautybrite.com | 6 | |
theparentologist | theparentologist.com | 6 | |
Katie Dillon | lajollamom.com/blog | 6 | |
Nate Day | somedayilllearn.com | 6 | |
Amy Christie | designmom.com | 5 | |
Fam Diego | famdiego.com/blog | 5 | |
davidhenry2101 | moodydose.com | 3 | |
erickacastanos | loveerickacastanos.com | 3 | |
Kristin Cruz | kristincruz.me/category/blog | 3 | |
chrissypowers27 | chrissypowers.com/blog | 3 | |
Heather Brooker | motherhoodinhollywood.com | 3 | |
Needled Mom | needledmom.blogspot.com | 2 | |
Lauren Weber | daintymom.com/blog | 2 | |
MomsLA | momsla.com | 2 | |
Beth Anne Schwamberger | brilliantbusinessmoms.com | 2 | |
The Mama Queen | themamaqueen.com | 2 | |
themotheroverload | themotheroverload.com | 2 | |
Alia Sullivan | ali-ish.com | 2 | |
Jhamernik | highlightsalongtheway.com | 2 | |
Mitch Kundin | happinessishomemade.net | 1 | |
Tinseltown Mom | tinseltownmom.com | 1 | |
Andrea Peters | letstalkfortiesandbeyond.com | 1 | |
RookieMom Heather | rookiemoms.com | 1 | |
adminCUWK | highlightsalongtheway.com | 1 | |
Niki Detrich | mommy-diary.com | 1 |